近期在学习的过程中遇见一个问题,问题不难但还是须要去认真对待。
先看看我写的源码
public static void main(String[] args){ for(;;){ Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("-----"); int age = in.nextInt(); System.out.println("------"); in.close(); System.out.println(age>100); } }在这段代码中。当第一次输入是不会有错,能正常执行;然后第二次循环报错。
报出来的错误为:
Exception in thread "main" java.util.NoSuchElementExceptionat java.util.Scanner.throwFor(Scanner.java:838)at java.util.Scanner.next(Scanner.java:1461)at java.util.Scanner.nextInt(Scanner.java:2091)at java.util.Scanner.nextInt(Scanner.java:2050)at day01.Demo01.main(Demo01.java:11)
看到这,感觉到相当的郁闷。当我们把in.close()这段代码给凝视掉的话。那这段代码能够无限的循环下去。
可是从这段代码的逻辑来看,似乎没错,但机器给我们报出了错。这就须要我们去找到错误的。
依据报出来的错,我们看到是int age = in.nextInt();这行代码出错。
从这报出来的错误中来分析。简要的说,就是前后两次实例化的參数System.in是用一个对象,是InputStreamReader对象,每一个该对象包括一个StreamDecoder 实例 sd,private final StreamDecoder sd;
而in.close()方法为
public void close() { if (closed) return; if (source instanceof Closeable) { try { ((Closeable)source).close(); } catch (IOException ioe) { lastException = ioe; } } sourceClosed = true; source = null; closed = true; }
当运行到 ((Closeable)source).close();就会进入InputStreamReader的close()方法:
public void close() throws IOException { sd.close(); }
这里的sd就是上面提到的InputStreamReader对象,(又查了StreamDecoder 源码,但没更深入下去),此时sd已关闭。
当运行如错误产生代码的第11行代码 in.nextInt()时。
public int nextInt(int radix) { // Check cached result if ((typeCache != null) && (typeCache instanceof Integer) && this.radix == radix) { int val = ((Integer)typeCache).intValue(); useTypeCache(); return val; } setRadix(radix); clearCaches(); // Search for next int try { String s = next(integerPattern()); if (matcher.group(SIMPLE_GROUP_INDEX) == null) s = processIntegerToken(s); return Integer.parseInt(s, radix); } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) { position = matcher.start(); // don't skip bad token throw new InputMismatchException(nfe.getMessage()); } }当中调用了next()方法
public String next(Pattern pattern) { ensureOpen(); if (pattern == null) throw new NullPointerException(); // Did we already find this pattern? if (hasNextPattern == pattern) return getCachedResult(); clearCaches(); // Search for the pattern while (true) { String token = getCompleteTokenInBuffer(pattern); if (token != null) { matchValid = true; skipped = false; return token; } if (needInput) readInput(); else throwFor(); } }
异常是从方法throwFor();中抛出,而异常的来源是readInput()方法
private void readInput() { if (buf.limit() == buf.capacity()) makeSpace(); // Prepare to receive data int p = buf.position(); buf.position(buf.limit()); buf.limit(buf.capacity()); int n = 0; try { n = source.read(buf); } catch (IOException ioe) { lastException = ioe; n = -1; } if (n == -1) { sourceClosed = true; needInput = false; } if (n > 0) needInput = false; // Restore current position and limit for reading buf.limit(buf.position()); buf.position(p); }
当运行到12行source.read()时,source是Reader类
public int read(java.nio.CharBuffer target) throws IOException { int len = target.remaining(); char[] cbuf = new char[len]; int n = read(cbuf, 0, len); if (n > 0) target.put(cbuf, 0, n); return n; }
在运行InputStreamReader的read方法
public int read(char cbuf[], int offset, int length) throws IOException { return sd.read(cbuf, offset, length); }
而该InputStreamReader实际上就是System.in。而之前的close()方法已经将sd关闭了,此处再次实行read方法。则抛出IOException。然后层层捕获,终于抛出.NoSuchElementException
以上错误归根揭底,最基本的原因是System.in输入流已经关闭。